[0:00] hi everyone welcome back to our Channel
[0:02] this is Frank from YOLO live in our last
[0:04] video we discussed three encoding
[0:06] methods vbr CBR and CQ and we also
[0:10] touched on the concepts of h264 and
[0:14] h265 it is well known that yolobox
[0:16] supports the h264 encoding format
[0:20] Additionally the ultra model also
[0:22] supports the h265 encoding format so in
[0:26] this video we'll dive deeper into the
[0:28] video encoding formats h264 and
[0:32] h265 to help you gain a more
[0:34] comprehensive understanding of the
[0:36] visual parameters that affect video
[0:38] compression
[0:42] quality a video file comprises three
[0:45] layers container codec and raw data
[0:48] encoding compresses data to control the
[0:51] final file size each video consists of
[0:54] frames size based on their raw data
[0:57] format usually a color space model
[1:00] actual video files are smaller due to
[1:02] compression during encoding dictated by
[1:05] the codec format which uses specific
[1:08] compression and decompression algorithms
[1:11] compatibility with the codec is
[1:12] essential unsupported formats won't play
[1:15] on certain players encoding primarily
[1:18] affects file size through parameters
[1:20] like bit rate and maximum bit rate often
[1:22] resulting in lossy compression that
[1:24] impacts quality resolution and frame
[1:27] rate adjustments occur during
[1:28] transcoding which manipulates raw Frame
[1:31] data by recalculating time stamps and
[1:33] discarding extra
[1:37] frames h264 is the most commonly used
[1:41] video Codec but it is designed to handle
[1:43] images and cannot process audio data the
[1:46] compression mechanism of h264 is quite
[1:49] typical incorporating Concepts like
[1:52] motion compensation and motion
[1:54] estimation this allows the codec to
[1:56] reduce the overall file size by
[1:59] calculating the current image based on
[2:01] previous or surrounding images instead
[2:03] of recording all the data for a highly
[2:06] similar sequence while understanding the
[2:08] specific compression algorithms isn't
[2:10] necessary it's important to be familiar
[2:13] with certain h264 specific Concepts
[2:16] iframes P frames and B frames an if
[2:20] frame or intraframe is a standalone
[2:23] image frame that can be displayed
[2:24] independently and contains the most data
[2:27] a p frame or predicted frame is computed
[2:30] from the previous iframe or P frame so
[2:32] its data is incomplete and smaller in
[2:35] size compared to an iframe most frames
[2:37] in a video are P frames a b frame or by
[2:41] predictive frame is calculated based on
[2:43] both the preceding and succeeding I
[2:45] frames or P frames making it the most
[2:48] data efficient and smallest frame GOP or
[2:51] group of pictures refers to a complete
[2:53] set of video frames for instance if the
[2:56] GOP is set to 25 the encoder will ensure
[2:59] that the first frame of every 25 frames
[3:02] is an iframe if the frame rate is also
[3:05] 25 FPS then the first frame of each
[3:07] second will be an
[3:12] iframe why is it useful to understand
[3:15] these h264 Concepts in live streaming
[3:18] these Concepts become more significant
[3:21] since iframes are independent frames the
[3:23] playback of B frames and P frames relies
[3:26] on iframes therefore streaming servers
[3:29] must Dash iframes to help reduce initial
[3:31] screen Distortion however localized
[3:34] distortions may still occur to mitigate
[3:37] this the GOP setting is crucial
[3:40] typically the GOP is set to one to two
[3:43] times the frame rate ensuring an if
[3:45] frame every 1 to two seconds this setup
[3:48] means that screen Distortion
[3:49] theoretically only occurs if streaming
[3:52] starts within this one to two second
[3:54] window given that frames are generally
[3:56] similar within this interval and with
[3:58] iframe caching even localized
[4:00] distortions often go unnoticed moreover
[4:03] for live streaming it is usually
[4:05] recommended to disable B frames although
[4:08] B frames have the smallest data size
[4:11] they depend on subsequent frames for
[4:13] decoding thus disabling B frames helps
[4:16] ensure a smoother live streaming
[4:18] experience the iframe interval and
[4:20] maximum bframe settings on the YOLO box
[4:23] are fixed by default if you are not
[4:25] satisfied with the YOLO Box's parameter
[4:27] settings and need to insert iframes more
[4:30] frequently you will need to learn how to
[4:32] use custom ffmp
[4:38] output in recent years h265 has steadily
[4:42] gained popularity compared to h264 files
[4:46] compressed with h265 under the same
[4:48] conditions are often smaller for example
[4:51] if I record a 9-second video on my ultra
[4:54] both set to 4K 30fps with the same
[4:57] network the file size is 14 .22 medaris
[5:01] with h264 en coding however with h265
[5:05] encoding the file size is only 12.63 M
[5:09] there's also a unique situation where if
[5:12] your network bandwidth can only support
[5:14] lower resolution and FPS settings you
[5:16] can choose h265 encoding to maintain the
[5:19] best possible video quality to elaborate
[5:22] at 4K 30fps the difference in quality
[5:26] between h264 and h265 May hard to notice
[5:30] with the naked eye however at 720p or
[5:33] 480p settings the final video quality
[5:37] difference between the two codecs is
[5:39] quite significant additionally h265
[5:42] conserves bandwidth while maintaining
[5:44] video quality but it requires more
[5:47] computational power for encoding and
[5:49] decoding in other words playing h265
[5:53] videos demands more processing power
[5:55] than
[5:56] h264 this is the key difference h26 5
[6:00] offers a higher compression ratio but at
[6:02] the expense of increased performance
[6:04] requirements however a crucial point to
[6:07] consider is that h265 is not as widely
[6:10] supported as one might assume some
[6:12] streaming platforms such as Facebook and
[6:14] twitch do not support
[6:16] h265 therefore even if you opt for
[6:19] h265 it won't be feasible if the client
[6:22] lacks support this is why h264 remains
[6:25] more commonly used as it ensures
[6:28] compatibility across all almost all
[6:30] platforms furthermore because h265
[6:33] achieves greater compression software
[6:35] decoding tends to be slower for some
[6:38] older computers playing High bit rate
[6:40] h265 videos can be very choppy support
[6:44] for h265 in widely used editing software
[6:48] is still improving therefore if you plan
[6:50] to import videos from yolobox for
[6:52] editing on your computer I still
[6:54] recommend using h264 encoding for now
[6:57] unless h265 encoding significantly
[7:00] enhances video quality I personally have
[7:03] high hopes for the development of
[7:05] h265 in the future as Premiere and Final
[7:08] Cuts support for it becomes more
[7:10] comprehensive and more software and
[7:13] devices begin to adapt to
[7:15] h265 this encoding format which balances
[7:18] high quality with small file sizes will
[7:21] undoubtedly replace h264 in the visible
[7:24] future don't forget to like subscribe
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[7:39] about YOLO live you can contact us via
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[7:59] 89 see you in the next video