[0:00] I'm running something called private ai. It's kind of like chat GPT, [0:03] except it's not. Everything about it is running right here on my computer. [0:07] Am I even connected to the internet? [0:08] This is private contained and my data isn't being shared with some random [0:12] company. So in this video I want to do two things. First, [0:15] I want to show you how to set this up. [0:16] It is ridiculously easy and fast to run your own AI on your laptop computer or [0:21] whatever. It's this is free, it's amazing. [0:23] It'll take you about five minutes and if you stick around until the end, [0:26] I want to show you something even crazier, a bit more advanced. [0:28] I'll show you how you can connect your knowledge base, your notes, [0:31] your documents, [0:32] your journal entries to your own private GPT and then ask it questions [0:37] about your stuff. And then second, [0:38] I want to talk about how private AI is helping us in the area we need help Most. [0:42] Our jobs, you may not know this, [0:44] but not everyone can use chat GBT or something like it at their job. [0:47] Their companies won't let them mainly because of privacy and security reasons, [0:51] but if they could run their own private ai, that's a different story. [0:54] That's a whole different ballgame and VMware is a big reason. This is possible. [0:58] They're the sponsor of this video and they're enabling some amazing things that [1:01] companies can do on-Prem in their own data center to run their own ai. [1:05] And it's not just the cloud man, it's like in your data center. [1:07] The stuff they're doing is crazy. We're going to talk about it here in a bit, [1:10] but tell you what, go ahead and do this. There's a link in the description. [1:13] Just go ahead and open it and take a little glimpse at what they're doing. [1:16] We're going to dive deeper, [1:16] so just go ahead and have it open right in your second monitor or something or [1:20] on the side or minimize. I don't know what you're doing. [1:22] I dunno how many monitors you have. You have three Actually, Bob, [1:25] I can see before we get started, I have to show you this. [1:27] You can run your own private ai. That's kind of uncensored. I watch this, [1:34] So yeah, please don't do this to destroy me. Also, [1:37] make sure you're paying attention at the end of this video, [1:39] I'm doing a quiz and if you're one of the first five people to get a hundred [1:42] percent on this quiz, you're getting some free coffee network. Chuck Coffee. [1:46] So take some notes, study up. Let's do this [1:51] now real quick, before we install a private local AI model on your computer, [1:55] what does it even mean? What's an AI model? At its core, [1:58] an AI model is simply an artificial intelligence pre-trained on data we [2:02] provided. One you may have heard of is open AI's Chat GBT, [2:05] but it's not the only one out there. Let's take a field trip. [2:08] We're going to go to a website called hugging face.co. [2:11] Just an incredible brand name. I love it so much. [2:14] This is an entire community dedicated to providing and sharing AI models and [2:18] there are a ton. You're about to have your mind blown. Ready? [2:21] I'm going to click on models up here. Do you see that number? 505,000 AI models. [2:26] Many of these are open and free for you to use and pre-trained, [2:30] which is kind of a crazy thing. Let me show you this. [2:32] We're going to search for a model named Llama two, [2:35] one of the most popular models out there. We'll do LAMA two seven B. Again, [2:39] I love the branding. [2:40] LAMA two is an AI model known as an LLM or large language model, [2:45] open AI's Chat. GPT is also an LLM. Now this LLM, [2:48] this pre-trained AI model was made by meda, [2:51] AKA Facebook and what they did to pre-train. [2:54] This model is kind of insane and the fact that we're about to download this and [2:58] use it even crazier, check this out if you scroll down just a little bit, [3:01] here we go. Training data. [3:03] It was trained by over 2 trillion tokens of data from publicly available [3:07] sources. Instruction data sets over a million human annotated examples, [3:11] data freshness. We're talking in July, 2023. I love that term. [3:15] Data freshness and getting the data was just step one. [3:18] Step two is insane because this is where the training happens. [3:21] Mata to train this model put together what's called a super cluster. [3:25] It already sounds cool, right? This sucker is over 6,000 GPUs. [3:29] It took 1.7 million GPU hours to train this model and it's estimated it [3:34] costs around $20 million to train it and now made is just like, [3:39] here you go kid. Download this incredibly powerful thing. [3:43] I don't want to call it a being yet. I'm not ready for that, [3:46] but this intelligent source of information that you can just download on your [3:50] laptop and ask it questions, [3:51] no internet required and this is just one of the many models we could download. [3:55] They have special models like text to speech, image to image. [3:58] They even have uncensored ones. They have an uncensored version of a llama too. [4:02] This guy George Sung, [4:04] took this model and fine tuned it with a pretty hefty GPU, [4:08] took him 19 hours and made it to where you could pretty much ask this thing. [4:11] Anything you wanted, whatever question comes to mind, [4:14] it's not going to hold back. Okay, [4:16] so how did we get this fine tuned model onto your computer? Well, [4:19] actually I should warn you, this involves quite a bit of llamas, [4:22] more than you would expect. Our journey starts at a tool called O Lama. [4:26] Let's go ahead and take a field trip out there real quick. [4:28] We'll go to O lama.ai. All we'll have to do is install this little guy, Mr. [4:32] Alama, [4:32] and then we can run a ton of different LLMs Llama two Code Llama told you lots [4:37] of llamas and there's others that are pretty fun like Llama two Uncensored or [4:41] Llamas. Tdrl. I'll show you in a second. But first, what do we install alama on? [4:46] We can see right down here that we have it available on macOS and Linux, [4:49] but oh bummer, windows coming soon. [4:52] It's okay because we've got WSL, the Windows subsystem for Linux, [4:56] which is now really easy to set up. [4:58] So we'll go ahead and click on download right here from os. [5:01] You'll just simply download this and install like one of your regular [5:04] applications for Linux. We'll click on this. [5:07] We got to fun curl command that will copy and paste now because we're going to [5:09] install WSL on Windows. This will be the same step. So Mac OS folks, [5:15] go ahead and just run that installer. Linux and Windows folks, let's keep going. [5:19] Now, if you're on Windows, [5:20] all you have to do now to get WSL installed is launch your Windows terminal. [5:23] Just go to your search bar and search for terminal and with one command it'll [5:27] just happen. It used to be so much harder, which is WSL dash dash install. [5:32] It'll go through a few steps. It'll install Ubuntu as default. [5:35] I'll go ahead and let that do that. And boom, just like that. [5:39] I've got Ubuntu 22 0 4 3 lts installed and I'm actually inside of it right [5:44] now. So now at this point, Linux and Windows folks, we converged. [5:47] We're on the same path. Let's install alama. [5:49] I'm going to copy that curl command that alama gave us, [5:52] jump back into my terminal, paste that in there and press enter. [5:55] Fingers crossed, everything should be great. Like the way it is right now, [5:59] it'll ask for my pseudo password and that was it. Oh, LAMA is now installed. [6:04] Now this will directly apply to Linux people and Windows people. [6:07] See right here where it says Nvidia GPU installed. If you have that, [6:10] you're going to have a better time than other people who don't have that. [6:13] I'll show you here in a second. If you don't have it, that's fine. [6:15] We'll keep going. Now let's run an LLM. We'll start with llama two. [6:18] So we'll simply type in, oh Lama run, [6:22] and then we'll pick one llama two and that's it. Ready, [6:26] set go. It's going to pull the manifest. [6:28] It'll then start pulling down and downloading Llama two. [6:31] And I want you to just realize this, that powerful LAMA two pre-training, [6:34] we talked about all the money and hours spent. That's how big it is. [6:38] This is the 7 billion parameter model or the seven B. [6:42] It's pretty powerful and we're about to literally have this in the palm of our [6:45] hands in like 3, 2, 1. Oh, I thought I had it. Anyways, [6:49] it's almost done. And boom, it's done. [6:52] We've got a nice success message right here and it's ready for us. [6:56] We can ask you anything. Let's try what is a pug? [6:59] Now the reason this is going so fast, just like a side note, [7:01] is that I'm running A GPU and AI models love GPUs. [7:05] So lemme just show you real quick. [7:06] I did install alama on a Linux virtual machine and I'll just demo the [7:10] performance for you real quick. By the way, if you're running a Mac with an M1, [7:13] M two or M three processor, it actually works great. I forgot to install it. [7:17] I got to install it real quick and I'll ask you that same question. [7:19] What is a pug? It's going to take a minute, it'll still work, [7:22] but it's going to be slower on CPUs and there it goes. It didn't take too long, [7:25] but notice it is a bit slower. [7:27] Now if you're running WSL and you know have an Nvidia GPU and it didn't show up, [7:31] I'll show you in a minute how you can get those drivers installed. But anyways, [7:34] just sit back for a minute, [7:35] sip your coffee and think about how powerful this is. [7:38] The tinfoil hat version of me stinking loves this because let's say [7:43] the zombie apocalypse happens, right? The grid goes down, things are crazy, [7:47] but as long as I have my laptop and a solar panel, [7:51] I still have AI and it can help me survive the zombie apocalypse. [7:55] Let's actually see how that would work. It gives me next steps. [7:58] I could have it help me with the water filtration system. This is just cool, [8:01] right? It's amazing. But can I show you something funny? [8:04] You may have caught this earlier. Who is network? Chuck? [8:09] What? Dude, I've always wanted to be Rick Grimes. [8:14] That is so fun, but seriously, it kind of hallucinated there. [8:17] It didn't have the correct information. [8:19] It's so funny how it mixed the zombie apocalypse prompt with me. [8:23] I love that so much. Let's try a different model. I'll say bye. [8:27] I'll try a really fun one called mytral. And by the way, [8:30] if you want to know which ones you can run with Llama, which LLMs, [8:33] they get a page for their models right here and all the ones you can run, [8:36] including llama two, uncensored Wizard Math. [8:39] I might give that to my kids actually. Let's see what it says. [8:41] Now who is Network Chuck? [8:45] Now my name is not Chuck Davis and my YouTube channel is not called Network [8:50] Chuck on Tech. [8:50] So clearly the data this thing was trained on is either not up to date or just [8:54] plain wrong. So now the question is cool, [8:57] we've got this local private ai, this LLM, that's super powerful, [9:02] but how do we teach it the correct information for us? [9:05] How can I teach it to know that I'm network Chuck, Chuck Keith, not Chuck Davis, [9:08] and my channel is called Network Chuck. [9:09] Or maybe I'm a business and I want it to know more than just what's publicly [9:13] available because sure, right now if you downloaded this lm, [9:16] you could probably use it in your job, [9:17] but you can only go so far without it knowing more about your job. For example, [9:22] maybe you're on a help desk. [9:23] Imagine if you could take your help desk's knowledge base, your IT procedures, [9:27] your documentation. Not only that, [9:29] but maybe you have a database of closed tickets, open tickets. [9:31] If you could take all that data and feed it to this LLM and then ask it [9:35] questions about all of that, that would be crazy. [9:38] Or maybe you wanted to help troubleshoot code that your company's written. [9:41] You could even make this LM public facing for your customers. [9:44] You feed information about your product and the customer could interact with [9:47] that chat bot you make. [9:49] Maybe this is all possible with a process called fine tuning where we can train [9:53] this AI on our own proprietary secret private stuff about our [9:58] company or maybe our lives or whatever you want to use it for, [10:00] whatever use case is, [10:01] and this is fantastic because maybe before you couldn't use a public LLM because [10:05] you weren't allowed to share your company's data with that LLM, [10:08] whether it's compliance reasons or you just simply didn't want to share that [10:10] data because it's secret. Whatever the case, [10:12] it's possible now because this AI is private, [10:15] it's local and whatever data you feed to it, [10:18] it's going to stay right there in a company. It's not leaving the door. [10:20] That idea just makes me so excited because I think it is the future of AI and [10:24] how companies and individuals will approach it. It's going to be more private. [10:28] Back to our question though, fine tuning, that sounds cool. [10:31] Training and AI on your own data, but how does that work? [10:34] Because as we saw before with pre-training a model with mata, [10:38] it took them 6,000 GPUs over 1.7 million GPU hours. [10:42] Do we have to have this massive data center to make this happen? No. [10:46] Check this out, and this is such a fun example, VMware, they asked chat GPT, [10:50] what's the latest version of VMware vSphere? [10:52] Now the latest chat GPT knew about was vSphere 7.0, [10:55] but that wasn't helpful to VMware because their latest version they were working [10:58] on chat hadn't been released yet. [10:59] So it wasn't public knowledge was vSphere eight update too. [11:02] And they wanted information like this internal information not yet released to [11:06] the public. [11:07] They wanted this to be available to their internal team so they could ask [11:10] something like chat GBT, Hey, what's the latest version of vSphere? [11:14] And they could answer correctly. [11:15] So to do what VMware is trying to do to fine tune a model or train it on new [11:19] data, it does require a lot. First of all, [11:22] you would need some hardware servers with GPUs. [11:24] Then you would also need a bunch of tools and libraries and SDKs like PyTorch [11:29] and TensorFlow, pandas, MPI side kit, learn transformers and fast ai. [11:33] The list goes on. [11:34] You need lots of tools and resources in order to fine tune an LLM. [11:37] That's why I'm a massive fan of what VMware is doing right here. [11:40] They have something called the VMware private AI with Nvidia, [11:44] the gajillion things I just listed off. They include in one package, [11:49] one combo meal, a recipe of ai, fine tuning goodness. [11:53] So as a company it becomes a bit easier to do this stuff yourself locally. [11:57] For the system engineer you have on staff who knows VMware and loves it, [12:00] they could do this stuff, [12:01] they could implement this and the data scientists they have on staff that will [12:04] actually do some of the fine tuning, all the tools are right there. [12:07] So here's what it looks like to fine tune and we're going to kind of peek behind [12:10] the curtain at what a data scientist actually does. [12:12] So first we have the infrastructure and we start here in vSphere, VMware. [12:17] Now if you don't know what vSphere is or VMware, think virtual machines, [12:20] you got one big physical server. The hardware, the stuff you can feel, [12:23] touch and smell. You haven't smelled the server, I dunno what you're doing. [12:26] And instead of installing one operating system on them like Windows or Linux, [12:29] you install VMware's, EA XI, [12:31] which will then allow you to virtualize or create a bunch of additional virtual [12:35] computers. So instead of one computer, [12:37] you've got a bunch of computers all using the same hardware resources. [12:40] And that's what we have right here. One of those virtual computers, [12:43] a virtual machine. [12:44] This by the way is one of their special deep learning VMs that has all the tools [12:49] I mentioned and many, many more pre-installed, ready to go. [12:53] Everything a data scientist could love. [12:55] It's kind of like a surgeon walking in to do some surgery and like their doctor [12:59] assistants or whatever have prepared all their tools. [13:01] It's all in the tray laid out nice and neat to the surgeon. [13:04] All he has to do is walk in and just go scalpel. [13:08] That's what we're doing here for the data scientist. [13:10] Now talking more about hardware, [13:11] this guy has a couple Nvidia GPUs assigned to it or pass through to it through [13:16] a technology called PCIE Passthrough. These are some beefy GPUs. [13:20] I notice they are V GPU for virtual GPU similar to what you do with the CPU, [13:25] cutting up the PU and assigning some of that to a virtual CPU on a virtual [13:29] machine. So here we are in data scientists world. This is a Jupiter notebook, [13:33] a common tool used by a data scientist, [13:35] and what you're going to see here is a lot of code that they're using to prepare [13:37] the data, [13:38] specifically the data that they're going to train or fine tune the existing [13:42] model on. Now we're not going to dive deep on that, [13:44] but I do want you to see this, check this out. [13:45] A lot of this code is all about getting the data ready. So in VMware's case, [13:48] it might be a bunch of the knowledge base product documentation and they're [13:51] getting it ready to be fed to the LLM. And here's what I wanted you to see. [13:55] Here's the dataset that we're training this model on. We're fine tuning. [13:59] We only have 9,800 examples that we're giving it or 9,800 new prompts or [14:04] pieces of data. And that data might look like this, [14:06] like a simple question or a prompt and then we feed it the correct answer and [14:11] that's how we essentially train ai. But again, [14:14] we're only giving it 9,800 examples, [14:16] which is not a lot at all and is extremely small compared to how the [14:20] model was originally trained. [14:22] And I point that out to say that we're not going to need a ton of hardware or a [14:25] ton of resources to fine tune this model. [14:28] We won't need the 6,000 GPUs we needed for MATA to originally create this model. [14:32] We're just adding to it, [14:33] changing some things or fine tuning it to what our use case is and looking at [14:37] what actually will be changed when we run this and we train it, [14:41] we're only changing 65 million parameters, which sounds like a lot, right? [14:46] But not in the grand scheme of things of like a 7 billion parameter model. [14:49] We're only changing 0.93% of the model. [14:52] And then we can actually run our fine tuning, [14:54] which this is a specific technique in fine tuning called prompt tuning where we [14:58] simply feed up additional prompts with answers to change how it'll react to [15:02] people asking you questions. [15:03] This process will take three to four minutes to fine tune it because again, [15:06] we're not changing a lot and that is just so super powerful and I think VMware [15:10] is leading the charge with private ai. [15:12] VMware and Nvidia take all the guesswork out of getting things set up to fine [15:17] tune an LLM. They've got deep learning VMs, [15:19] which are insane VMs that come pre-installed with everything you could want [15:23] everything a data scientist would need to find tune an LLM. [15:26] Then Nvidia has an entire suite of tools sensor around their GPUs, [15:29] taking advantage of some really exciting things to help you fine tune your lms. [15:33] Now there's one thing I didn't talk about because I wanted to save it for last. [15:36] For right now it's this right here, this vector database, [15:39] post gray SQL box here. [15:42] This is something called rag and it's what we're about to do with our own [15:46] personal GPT here in a bit. Retrieval, augment the generation. So scenario, [15:51] let's say you have a database of product information, internal docs, [15:54] whatever it is, and you haven't fine tuned your LLM on this just yet. [15:58] So it doesn't know about it. You don't have to do that with rag. [16:01] You can connect your LLM to this database of information, [16:05] this knowledge base and give it these instructions. [16:08] Say whenever I ask you a question about any of the things in this database, [16:11] before you answer, consult the database, [16:13] go look at it and make sure what you're saying is accurate. [16:16] We're not retraining the LLM, we're just saying, Hey, before you answer, [16:20] go check real quick in this database to make sure it's accurate to make sure you [16:23] got your stuff right. Isn't that cool? So yes, [16:25] fine tuning is cool and training an LLM on your own data is awesome, [16:29] but in between those moments of fine tuning, [16:31] you can have rag set up where it can consult your database, [16:34] your internal documentation and give correct answers based on what you have in [16:38] that database. That is so stinking cool. [16:40] So with VMware private AI foundation with nvidia, [16:43] they have those tools baked right in to where it just kind of works for what [16:47] would otherwise be a very complex setup. And by the way, this whole rag thing, [16:51] like I said earlier, we're about to do this, [16:53] I actually connected a lot of my notes and journal entries to a private GPT [16:58] using RAG and I was able to talk with it about me asking it about my [17:03] journal entries and answering questions about my past. That's so powerful. Now, [17:07] before we move on, [17:08] I just want to highlight the fact that Nvidia with their Nvidia AI enterprise [17:12] gives you some amazing and fantastic tools to pull the LLM of your choice and [17:17] then fine tune and customize and deploy that LLM. It's all built in right here. [17:21] So VMware Cloud Foundation, [17:22] they provide the robust infrastructure and NVIDIA provides all the amazing AI [17:26] tools you need to develop and deploy these custom LLMs. [17:29] Now it's not just Nvidia, they're partnering with Intel as well. [17:31] So VMware is covering all the tools that admins care about. [17:34] And then for the data scientists, this is for you. [17:36] Intel's got your back data analytics, [17:38] generative AI and deep learning tools and some classic ML or machine learning. [17:42] And they're also working with IBM, all you IBM fans. You can do this too. Again, [17:46] VMware has the admin's back. But for the data scientist, Watson, [17:49] one of the first AI things I ever heard about Red Hat and OpenShift, [17:52] and I love this because what VMware is doing is all about choice. [17:55] If you want to run your own local private ai, you can. [17:58] You're not just stuck with one of the big guys out there and you can choose to [18:00] run it with Nvidia and VMware, Intel and VMware, IBM and VMware. [18:04] You got options. So there's nothing stopping you. [18:06] It's not for some of the bonus section of this video and that's how to run your [18:09] own private GPT with your own knowledge base. Now, fair warning, [18:14] it is a bit more advanced, but if you stick with me, [18:16] you should be able to get this up and running. So take one more sip of coffee. [18:20] Let's get this going. Now, first of all, this will not be using a lama. [18:23] This will be a separate project called Private GPT. Now disclaimer, [18:26] this is kind of hard to do. Unlike VMware private ai, [18:29] which they do it all for you, [18:30] it's a complete solution for companies to run their own private local ai. [18:34] What I'm about to show you is not that at all. No affiliation with VMware. [18:37] It's a free side project. [18:39] You can try just to get a little taste of what running your own private GPT with [18:44] rag tastes like. Did I do that right? I don't know. [18:47] Now L Martinez has a great doc on how to install this. It's a lot, [18:51] but you can do it. And if you just want a quick start, [18:53] he does have a few lines of code for Linux and Mac users. Fair warning, [18:57] this is CPU only. You can't really take advantage of RAG without A GPU, [19:00] which is what I wanted to do. So here's my very specific scenario. [19:03] I've got a Windows PC with an NVIDIA 40 90. How do I run this? [19:06] Linux-based project. WSL, and I'm so thankful to this guy Emelia Lance a lot. [19:11] He put an entire guide together of how to set this up. [19:14] I'm not going to walk you through every step because he already did that link [19:17] below, but I seriously need to buy this guy a coffee. How do I do that? [19:20] I don't know, Emil, if you're watching this, reach out to me. [19:22] I'll send you some coffee. So anyways, [19:24] I went through every step from installing all the prereqs to installing NVIDIA [19:27] drivers and using poetry to handle dependencies, which poetry is pretty cool. [19:31] I landed here. [19:32] I've got a private local working private GPT that I can access through my web [19:36] browser and it's using my GPU, which is pretty cool. Now, [19:38] first I try a simple document upload, [19:40] got this VMware article that details a lot of what we talked about in this [19:43] video. I upload it and I start asking you questions about this article. [19:46] I tried something specific like show me something about VMware AI market growth. [19:50] Bam, it figured it out, it told me. Then I'm like, [19:52] what's the coolest thing about VMware private ai? [19:55] It told me I'm sitting here chatting with a document, but then I'm like, [19:58] let's try something bigger. I want to chat with my journals. [20:00] I've got a ton of journals on markdown format and I want to ask you questions [20:03] about me. Now this specific step is not covered in the article. [20:06] So here's how you do it. First, [20:07] you'll want to grab your folder of whatever documents you want to ask questions [20:10] about and throw it onto your machine. [20:12] So I copied over to my WSL machine and then I ingested it with this command once [20:16] complete and I ran private GPT. Again, [20:18] here's all my documents and I'm ready to ask it questions. [20:21] So let's test this out. I'm going to ask it what did I do in takayama? [20:26] So I went to Japan in November of 2023. Let's see if you can search my notes, [20:31] figure out when that was and what I did. [20:36] That's awesome. Oh my goodness. [20:41] Let's see, what did I eat in Tokyo? [20:45] How cool is that? Oh my gosh, that's so fun. No, it's not perfect, [20:49] but I can see the potential here. That's insane. I love this so much. [20:53] Private AI is the future and that's why we're seeing VMware bring products like [20:57] this to companies to run their own private local AI and then make it pretty [21:01] easy. If you actually did that private GPT thing, that little side project, [21:04] there's a lot to it. Lots of tools you have to install, it's kind of a pain. [21:07] But with VMware, [21:08] they kind of cover everything like that deep learning VM they offer as part of [21:11] their solution. It's got all the tools ready to go. Pre-baked again, [21:15] you're like a surgeon just walking in saying scalpel. [21:17] You got all this stuff right there. So if you want to bring AI to your company, [21:20] check out VMware private AI link below and thank you to VMware by Broadcom for [21:24] sponsoring this video. You made it to the end of the video time for a quiz. [21:28] This quiz will test the knowledge you've gained in this video and the first five [21:32] people to get a hundred percent on this quiz will get free coffee from Network [21:36] Chuck Coffee. So here's how you take the quiz right now. [21:38] Check the description in your video and click on this link. [21:41] If you're not currently signed into the academy, go ahead and get signed in. [21:43] If you're not a member, go ahead and click on sign off. It's free. [21:47] Once you're signed in, [21:48] it will take you to your dashboard showing you all the stuff you have access to [21:51] with your free academy account. But to get right back to that quiz, [21:54] go back to the YouTube video, [21:55] click on that link once more and it should take you right to it. [21:58] Go ahead and click on start now and start your quiz. Here's a little preview. [22:03] That's it. The first five to get a hundred percent free coffee. [22:06] If you're one of the five, [22:06] you'll know because you'll receive an email with free coffee. [22:09] You got to be quick, you got to be smart. I'll see you guys in the next video.