What You Need To Know About AV1 | The Video Codec For The Internet?

[00:00] it may not seem like it but streaming

[00:02] high definition content on the Internet

[00:04] is a very complex problem that requires

[00:07] dozens of cutting-edge Technologies to

[00:10] work properly improvements in video

[00:12] streaming in the past few years have

[00:14] been due to many different factors most

[00:17] importantly due to the development of

[00:20] better video codecs and the increase in

[00:23] bandwidth available to the average

[00:25] consumer in today's video we will be

[00:27] looking at av1 to see how it works the

[00:31] advantages it offers and how companies

[00:33] are embracing this new codec hello

[00:36] everyone my name's Mike and here at

[00:38] sabrin we love to make and talk text so

[00:40] if that's what you're into then make

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[00:43] notification Bell so you can stay

[00:44] updated with all our future videos so

[00:46] firstly you might be asking what is a

[00:49] codec and what does it do and why do we

[00:51] need it so let's quickly address those

[00:54] first before we start looking at what

[00:56] av1 is the main job of a video Codec is

[00:59] to to compress the video and make it

[01:02] friendly for transmitting over the

[01:03] Internet the reason we do this and not

[01:06] just stream the raw video is the files

[01:08] are just too large to give you some idea

[01:11] about raw video files a pure

[01:13] uncompressed 1080p video is around 5.6

[01:17] megabytes per frame or about 8.4

[01:20] gigabytes per one minute video so it's

[01:23] impractical to store and transmit videos

[01:26] in their uncompressed form codecs solved

[01:29] this problem by using really Advanced

[01:31] algorithms to compress the video down by

[01:33] 70 to 80 without much loss in

[01:36] perceivable video quality simply put

[01:39] transmitting video over the Internet

[01:41] would not have been possible if we

[01:43] weren't using codecs to compress them

[01:45] first not just that even the storage of

[01:48] videos on local storage devices like

[01:50] memory cards and hard drives wouldn't

[01:52] have been made possible if we simply use

[01:55] uncompressed videos all the time so av1

[01:57] is a relatively new video Codec made by

[02:00] AO media and it's meant to replace the

[02:03] older vp9 codec av1 offers significant

[02:06] advantages over the current

[02:08] well-established codex like h.264 and

[02:12] h.265 or also known as hevc av1 uses a

[02:16] process known as block based frequency

[02:18] transformation to encode video This Is

[02:21] Not A New Concept and other video codecs

[02:24] do use similar techniques av1 basically

[02:27] divides each frame of the video into

[02:30] smaller blocks comprising of pixel

[02:33] groups and then it uses Fourier

[02:35] transforms and other mathematical

[02:38] Wizardry to store that data in a way

[02:41] that can be recreated easily when needed

[02:44] so now instead of the video storing data

[02:47] about each and every pixel in that video

[02:50] only the data of the block is stored

[02:53] thus reducing the amount of data needed

[02:55] to remember that video this ultimately

[02:58] reduces the video ourselves considerably

[03:01] av1 uses super blocks of either 128 by

[03:05] 128 pixels or 64 by 64 pixels which are

[03:09] further subdivided into smaller 4x4

[03:11] pixel blocks this is then combined with

[03:14] new techniques for partitioning said

[03:16] blocks and better encoding algorithms to

[03:19] further enhance the compression the

[03:21] result is a stream of video that

[03:23] requires less bandwidth for a given

[03:26] video quality while at the same time the

[03:28] video can look better at the same bit

[03:31] rate as compared to other video codecs

[03:33] the efficiency gained with av1 means

[03:36] that this codec can support a number of

[03:38] extra features that other codecs just

[03:41] can't these include things like

[03:42] streaming HDR 4K content with a range of

[03:46] color gamuts while at the same time

[03:48] using less bandwidth av1 can also

[03:51] potentially stream 8K content even

[03:53] though there isn't a demand for that yet

[03:55] it just shows what the technology is

[03:58] capable of to put it into numbers

[04:00] according to a study done by Facebook in

[04:02] 2018 the av1 encoder achieved is 46.2

[04:06] percent better data compression as

[04:09] compared to h.264 av1 Simply offers

[04:12] higher image quality while at the same

[04:15] time using less bandwidth what's not to

[04:18] like other than better performance av1

[04:21] has another thing going for it that

[04:23] makes it the almost obvious choice for

[04:26] the next commonly used codec av1 is open

[04:29] source and doesn't require a license av1

[04:32] was developed by AO media which is short

[04:35] for the alliance for open media AO media

[04:39] is basically a Consortium of various

[04:40] technology companies ranging from AMD

[04:43] arm Intel in video Google Microsoft to

[04:47] even streaming companies like Netflix

[04:49] YouTube and Amazon codecs like h.265 and

[04:53] h.264 require licensing so in order to

[04:56] make a product with let's say hevc

[04:59] compatibility

[05:00] the company needs to acquire licensing

[05:02] from at least patent pools like velos

[05:05] media Technicolor hevc advance and MPEG

[05:09] La this makes the whole process

[05:12] complicated and expensive with av1

[05:15] there's no such restrictions as there's

[05:18] no licensing requirements as it's open

[05:21] source and royalty free anyone can just

[05:24] use it av1 encoding has already been

[05:26] made easy to the public thanks to

[05:28] companies like Intel integrating the

[05:30] technology into their newest Arc gpus

[05:33] Intel Arc is the first GPU from Intel

[05:36] and it is the first to feature this

[05:38] technology and its initial results have

[05:40] been pretty impressive for av1 av1 is

[05:43] Making Waves in the video streaming

[05:45] industry in terms of decoding nvidia's

[05:48] RTX 40 series gpus and amd's RX 6000

[05:53] series support av-1 content even older

[05:57] gaming consoles like the PS4 support

[05:59] playing AV want encoded videos this is a

[06:02] positive sign that on the consumer side

[06:05] of Video Entertainment and video

[06:06] consumption there is already support for

[06:09] this new codec Netflix has even been

[06:12] using av1 since 2020 and in fact Netflix

[06:16] was the first company to use av1 in

[06:20] production it started with select titles

[06:22] on Android devices and Netflix saw a 20

[06:25] Improvement in their compression as

[06:28] compared to the older vp9 codec since

[06:32] November of 2021 Netflix has been

[06:35] streaming content using av1 on TVs and

[06:37] devices that have hardware-based av1

[06:40] decoders YouTube have also been rolling

[06:43] out support for av1 other major players

[06:46] now support av-1 include Facebook twitch

[06:49] and Vimeo av1 offers better performance

[06:52] and frees everyone from the complexities

[06:55] of Licensing these two factors should

[06:57] make it enough to make it popular codec

[07:01] in the future it's a matter of when not

[07:04] if for av1 to reach a truly global scale

[07:07] as more and more companies see the

[07:10] benefit of using av1 over other codecs

[07:13] and we're kind of seeing it now anyway

[07:14] let me know what you think of everyone

[07:16] I'd love to hear your opinions down in

[07:19] the comments section but anyway that's

[07:22] it for today's video if you've enjoyed

[07:24] it then make sure to smash that like

[07:25] button and also hit that subscribe

[07:27] button and notification Bell so you can

[07:29] stay updated with all our future videos

[07:31] anyway thanks for watching and we'll see

[07:33] you in the next one

[07:34] bye

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